What is the principle of LED, why is it energy saving and longevity?

What is the principle of LED, why is it energy saving and longevity?

LED light-emitting diodes are mainly composed of PN junction chips, electrodes and optical systems. It uses a solid semiconductor chip as a light-emitting material. The semiconductor chip consists of two parts, one part is a P-type semiconductor, in which holes dominate, and the other end is an N-type semiconductor, where electrons are mainly. But when the two semiconductors are connected, a "P-N junction" is formed between them. When a forward current is applied, the electrons will be pushed to the P region, where the electrons and holes recombine, and then emit energy in the form of photons, which is the principle of LED light emission. The reason for energy saving is that most of the electrons directly transition into photons when passing through the PN junction; the ratio of conversion into heat energy is much smaller than that of traditional light sources, so the reason for energy saving ~ longevity is because LEDs are solid-state light sources, once the standard products are produced Completed, the structure is relatively stable and simple. More durable than traditional filament, low pressure gas, high pressure gas light sources.